荣成天鹅湖越冬前期大天鹅数量分布与行为研究

2015年11-12月,采用样线法和固定点观测法方法,调查了荣成天鹅湖自然保护区大天鹅的数量和分布,通过瞬时扫描法观察和记录大天鹅的日间行为特征。结果表明:在整个越冬前期,大天鹅的数量不断增长,最多达1 086只,主要分布在保护区滩涂、河口以及泻湖中;在越冬前期主要的行为分别是运动,其次是觅食和静息;Person相关性分析表明大天鹅的行为具有互补性;大天鹅具有早晚双高峰的觅食策略;保护区内人为干扰对大天鹅的行为和分布有重要的影响,需继续深入研究。

A Study on Distribution and Behaviors of Whooper Swans During the Pre-winter Period in the Swan Lake of Rongcheng

The numbers and distributions of the whooper swans Cygnus cygnus in the Rongcheng swan lake were studied during the period of 2015.11-12 by the route and fixed point observation methods and the daytime behavior characteristics of the swans were observed and recorded by the focal animal observation method. The results showed that the numbers of the swans were increasing continuously and reached 1086 during the pre-winter period, which distributed mainly in the estuary, the lagoon and its beach; The most important behaviors of the swans during the pre-winter period were movement, followed by feeding and resting; The behaviors except for locomotion were significant differently by the chi-square test;Person correlation analysis showed that the behavior of the swan was complementary; The feeding strategy in the morning and evening was very important for the whooper swan to resist the cold environment at night; Human disturbance was found to have a very important influence on the behaviors and distributions of the whooper swan in the protected area and further studies are needed..