《癸亥年更流部》暹罗湾地名的数字人文考证

最新发现海口市演丰镇老渔民林诗仍家有更路簿6本,其中之一的祖传《癸亥年更流部》存世当有百年历史,记载了从铺前港出发,经海南岛东线,自三亚一带前往越南东部沿海,再往南洋各岛国的更路,有海外更路120余条,部分更路更数采取苏州码子形式,为现存航海针经类文献首次发现。另有林父使用过的中文海图4张、英文海图10张,林诗仍根据林父的指导,在部分海图中对其经常停靠或经过的主要岛礁、港口或望山做了明显标记,是海南渔民长期经略南海的又一力证。《癸亥年更流部》的暹罗湾（泰国湾）大部分更路地名的渔民俗称为首次发现,所指位置需要考证。经过南海更路系列计算模型测算,并查验林父所用海图,从数字人文视角,证实了该簿暹罗湾部分31条更路记载完整、36个地名位置清晰、航路科学可靠,平均航速为10.37海里/更,略小于其他更路簿,符合暹罗湾海域特点,航向偏差平均为3.46°,优于多数更路簿,与《郑和航海图》《顺风相送》等古代针经文献中的暹罗湾航线高度重合,是中国南海航海历史及郑和下西洋研究的重要历史文献。

Research on the place names of Siam Bay in Guihai Nian Gengliubu in the perspective of digital humanities

Lin Shireng, an old fisherman in Yanfeng Town, Haikou City, has six Genglubus. One of them, Gengliubu in the year of Guihai (Guihai Nian, the last year in a sexagenary cycle), has a history of 100 years. It records that there are more than 120 overseas Genglu from Puqian port, via the east route of Hainan Island, from Sanya to the eastern coast of Vietnam, and then to the island countries of Nanyang (Southeast Asia). Some of them are in the form of Suzhou numeral. It is the first time that we found the literature of navigation acupuncture. In addition, Lin′s father used 4 Chinese charts and 10 English charts. According to Lin′s father guidance, Lin Shireng clearly marked the main islands, reefs, ports or Wangshan that he often called at or passed through in some charts, which is another strong proof of Hainan fishermen's long-term experience in the South China Sea. The fishermen of most Genglu place names in Siam Bay (Thailand Bay) in Gengliubu of Guihai are commonly known as the first discovery, and the location needs to be verified. Through the calculation of Nanhai Genglu series calculation model and checking the chart used by Lin′s father, from the perspective of digital humanities, it is confirmed that 31 Genglubu in the Siam Bay are completely recorded, 36 place names are clear, the route is scientific and reliable. In addition, the average speed, slightly less than other Genglubus, is 10.37 nautical miles / Geng, which is in line with the characteristics of Siam Bay, and the average course deviation is 3.46 degrees, which is better than most Genglubus. The routes of the Siam Bay in Zheng He′s nautical chart and along the wind are highly overlapped, which is an important historical document in the history of navigation in the South China Sea and the study of Zheng He′s voyages to the West.