基于大型科研基础设施共享的区域创新网络研究——以山东省为例

在产业革命和科技革命的背景下,创新在区域发展中发挥着越来越重要的作用,网络化创新模式成为当下创新的主流模式之一。基于创新网络视角,利用大型科研仪器共享大数据,对山东省创新网络的空间特征和主体特征进行分析,研究发现：山东省创新网络在形态上呈现出以济南为创新核心辐射带动济宁和淄博等周边边缘城市发展,同时形成东部青岛、威海和烟台作为创新次级核心集中连片发展的空间格局。然而,创新网络的形态核心节点与功能核心节点存在错位,从网络关联的角度出发,山东省区域创新网络节点存在核心、次核心、地方核心、外围4个层级,济南、济宁、淄博、潍坊中心地位明显,并且各级节点数量规模呈现金字塔格局,等级结构完善。网络联系强度最大的主要是济南市向周边辐射的联系,区域政产学研协同创新体系基本确立,存在综合创新模式、异质创新模式、根植创新模式和孤立创新模式四种创新网络模式。通过QAP模型分析表明,行政、交通等因素使得创新合作更倾向于发生在与省会城市之间以及地理接壤、交通条件优越的城市之间。最后,基于研究基础,对山东省创新网络优化、大型科研仪器共享、区域产业发展等提出发展建议。

Research on regional innovation network based on large-scale scientific research infrastructure sharing:Take Shandong as an example

In the context of industrial revolution and technological revolution, innovation is playing an increasingly important role in regional development, and network innovation has become the mainstream. This paper uses the shared big data of large-scale scientific research equipment to analyze the spatial characteristics and main characteristics of the innovation network in Shandong province. It is found that Shandong's innovation network presents a contiguous development space pattern with Jinan as the innovation core, which radiates the development of peripheral cities such as Jining and Zibo, and Qingdao, with Weihai and Yantai as innovation sub-cores. From the perspective of network association at the spatial level, the regional innovation network nodes in the province have four levels: core, sub-core, local core, and periphery. Jinan, Jining, Zibo and Weifang have obvious centrality. There are great differences for scientific research institutions in different parts of the network structured. The participation of higher education institutions in the innovation network is mainly based on science and technology universities, industrial enterprises dominate the overall regional innovation network structure, and government agencies have significant effects in promoting the improvement of regional innovation networks. Jinan's connection to the surrounding area is the strongest network. The local mechanism plays a significant role, and the collaborative innovation system of government, industry, university and research institutions is basically established. There are four situations in the urban innovation network model: comprehensive innovation model, heterogeneous innovation model, rooted innovation model and isolated innovation model. The analysis of the QAP model shows that administrative divisions, transportation and other factors are likely to promote innovation cooperation between provincial capital cities and between cities with geographical borders and superior traffic conditions. Finally, this paper puts forward suggestions for Shandong's development: (1) The institutional arrangements for the sharing of scientific research instruments should be further improved and opening up and sharing should be further expanded to bridge gaps between regions. (2) The core node cities should play the role of two sectors to form an innovative dual circulation system. The fringe cities should actively create characteristic specialized functions and take the path of specialization. (3) We should establish a regional innovation community for collaborative innovation by the government, industry, universities, and research institutes, and encourage innovation entities to actively go global and seek breakthroughs to enhance the breadth and depth of regional innovation. (4) Further we should improve the construction of new types of transportation and communication infrastructure so as to promote the free flow of innovative elements and regional innovation development.