种植于人工梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)林的肉苁蓉(Cistanche deserticola)个体质量特征

为掌握人工种植条件下肉苁蓉(Cistanche deserticola)个体质量特征,在塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地咸水滴灌人工梭梭林内,采用统一的开沟、撒种接种方式,对不同林龄、不同深度接种肉苁蓉以及造林当年接种连年采收肉苁蓉的质量进行了调查和分析。结果表明:(1)所有样地出土肉苁蓉个体间质量差异大,分布离散程度高。(2)接种时林龄越大,出土肉苁蓉个体平均质量、质量品质较好的比率以及质量分布离散程度都越高;不同林龄间肉苁蓉个体质量有极显著差异。造林当年接种、连年出土肉苁蓉个体质量的特征与不同林龄的相似,但质量品质较好的比率相对较低。(3)在40~120cm深度,随种植深度增加,出土2年生以上肉苁蓉个体的数量以及质量品质较好的比率总体呈现增加趋势,并可以分为3个层面:40cm、50~80cm、100~120cm。其中40cm深度质量指标明显较低,其他深度间没有表现出明显的差异和规律,100~120cm深度的肉苁蓉个体相对细长、品相差。

Characteristics of Individual Mass of Cistanche Deserticola Inoculated in Artificial Haloxylon ammodendron Forest in the Hinterland of Taklimakan Desert

Cistanche deserticola is an endangered wild species adapted to arid or semi-arid areas. Its fleshy stem is used as one traditional herbal medicine in many countries. Because its wild resources is increasingly scarce, currently it has been planted as a new artificial cultivated plant in Northwest China. Its yield and quality are largely depended on its individual plant mass. In order to understand the characteristics and regularity of individual plant mass in artificially planting conditions, some experiments about C. deserticola plantation in different planting conditions (different forest ages, different inoculation depths) and different harvesting years were conducted in artificial Haloxylon ammodendron forest in the Taklimakan Desert. The individual plant weight in different experiments was studied. The results showed that: (1) The distribution of individual weight for C. deserticola grown in artificial H. ammodendron forest differs greatly from each other, and its dispersion degree is higher. (2) The average individual weight of C. deserticola, the rate of heavy individual plant, and the distribution dispersion degree of individual weight increased with forest ages when C. deserticola were inoculated in the same management, also the dispersion degree of individual weight distribution has a good correlation with the amount of the C. deserticola, the rate of heavy individual plant increased with the forest ages in the first three years. (3) The individual weight differed significantly among different inoculating depths from 40 cm to 120 cm, the rate of heavy individual plant and the amount of individual for more than two years old showed an increase trend with the planting depths, but there is no significant regularity except at the inoculating depth of 40 cm, where the indexes of individual mass were lower. Furthermore, there exist three levels: 40 cm, 50-80 cm and 100-120 cm. The individual plants at 100-120 cm depth looks slim and with worse appearance.