基于GIS和RS的西藏森林火险等级计算方法

基于遥感技术(RS)和地理信息系统(GIS),利用由基于DEM演算的地面最高温度、最小相对湿度和最大风速等格点化气象要素,FY2静止气象卫星逐日降水反演产品和AVHRR积雪监测产品计算网格森林火险天气等级,结合由植被类型、NDVI、地形要素和公路、人口聚居地等要素评估的森林火险风险等级,综合计算得到网格化的西藏森林火险等级。该项业务程序基于MeteoInfo组件建立,能够实现全自动化业务运行。对于森林火灾事件,通过与基于气象站的森林火险天气等级相比,该方法的准确性更高,能为西藏林区森林防火工作提供有效参考。

Forest Fire Risk Mapping over Tibet Based on GIS and Remote Sensing Technology

Based on remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) technology, the gridded meteorological elements calculated by the ground based DEM and meteorological station monitor data, including maximum temperature, minimum relative humidity, and maximum wind speed, the daily precipitation products from the FY2 geostationary meteorological satellite, and AVHRR snow inversion products, are integrated to compute the gridded forest fire danger Weather Index (FWI). The vegetation type, NDVI, terrain features, highways, settlements, population, and other elements are used to assess the risk of Forest fire danger Risk Index (FRI). Both FWI and FRI are computed to get the gridded Tibet forest fire danger index prediction. The software application is built based on MeteoInfo components to achieve fully automatic forecasting. The comparison analysis of forest fire events shows that the gridded Tibet forest fire danger index is better. The method provides an effective reference for Tibet forest fire prevention.