我国海洋生态修复政策现状、问题及建议

通过系统梳理并分析了近年来国家和沿海地方在制订和实施海洋生态修复政策的现状和实施概况,从管理政策、技术政策和经济政策三个方面进行研究分析认为:目前海洋生态修复的政策大多分散在岸线保护、滨海湿地保护、围填海管控修复的单项法律法规、政策文件、相关规划或标准中,国家和地方层面对于系统开展海洋生态修复工程尚缺少针对性和系统性的法律法规、整体规划、标准体系、资金保障等政策上的顶层设计;从管理需求、技术支撑和经济保障的角度,在国家层面提出完善海洋生态修复立法,编制全国海洋生态修复规划,建立海洋生态修复标准体系,统一动态监测与评估方法,拓展多元化资金筹措,加强广泛的社会参与等方面的建议,系统性地建立海洋生态修复相关制度和政策,为保障海洋生态修复工作的顺利实施和可持续性提供参考。

Marine ecological restoration policies in China: status,problems and suggestions

The current situation of the marine ecological restoration in formulating and implementing policies and implementation in recent years is analyzed in views of management policy,technology policy and economic policy.The marine ecological restoration policy issued dispersedly around special laws and regulations,policy documents,related planning or standard of the coast protection,coastal wetland protection,reclamation control and restoration.From national and local levels,the lack of targeted and systematic laws and regulations,overall planning,standard system,funding policy on the top of the design was the main problem to carry out the marine ecological restoration project systematically.From the viewpoint of management requirement,technical support and economic security,suggestions from the national level are put forward to improve the marine ecological restoration legislation,make a draft of the national marine ecological restoration plan,establish the marine ecological restoration standard system,unify dynamic monitoring and evaluation methods,develop multi-financing channels,strengthen the widespread social participation,etc.Thus,systematically establishing relevant systems and policies are needed for references in the sustainable implementation of marine ecological restoration.