无人机技术在矿山生态修复调查中的应用

矿山开采活动对生态环境破坏巨大，随着近些年生态环境保护力度的加大，陆续关停了部分矿山并进行生态修复。使用无人机获取广州市内某矿山的航测数据，经处理后生成正射影像图、数字表面模型及三维模型，这三类成果互补展现精细全面的矿山环境，包含丰富的矿山地理信息和真实地物纹理，最后进行坡度、坡向处理分类，为矿山修复工程设计、工程挖填方估算、复绿物种选择和修复方式等提供基础资料。研究结果表明，采用航测技术可快速有效地获取矿山生态修复的基础性数据，提供生态修复规划的参考依据，也可运用于山体滑坡、崩塌、泥石流等相关地质灾害的防治与监测工作。

Application of UAV technology in mine ecological restoration survey

In recent years, more efforts have been made to protect the ecological environment, and the government has successively shut down mines for ecological restoration. In this paper, the UAV was used to carry out aerial survey of a mine in Guangzhou. After related data processing, the orthophoto image, digital surface model and 3D model were generated. The 3 types of data can show the fine and comprehensive mine environment, including rich geographic information and real terrain texture. Then, the slope and aspect processing and classification were carried out to design and estimate the excavation and filling of mine engineering, which provides reference for the selection of green remediation species and methods. Therefore, the application of aerial survey technology can efficiently provide the basic data support for mine ecological restoration, ecological restoration planning, and can also be applied in preventing and monitoring geological disasters including landslide, collapse, and mudslides.