Potential for localized groundwater contamination in a porous pavement parking lot setting in Rhode Island |
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Authors: | Thomas B Boving Mark H Stolt Janelle Augenstern Brian Brosnan |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Geosciences, University of Rhode Island, Woodward Hall, Rm. 315, Kingston, RI 02881, USA;(2) Department of Natural Resources, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA;(3) Beta Group, Inc., Lincoln, RI 02865, USA |
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Abstract: | The control of polluted surface runoff and the assessment of possible impacts on groundwater is a concern at the local and
regional scale. On this background, a study investigates possible impacts of organic and inorganic pollutants (including bacteria)
originating from a permeable asphalt parking lot on the water quality immediately beneath it. The functioning of the permeable
pavement, including clogging and restricted vertical percolation, was also evaluated. Four nested sample ports (shallow and
deep) were installed below low- and high-traffic areas, including one port outside the parking lot. At least initially there
was a good hydraulic connection between the parking surface and the shallow sample ports. The presence of a geotextile layer
at the base of the parking lot structure, however, was identified in lab tests as one factor restricting vertical percolation
to the deeper ports. Clogging of the permeable surface was most pronounced in heavy traffic areas and below snow pile storage
areas. Corroborated by high electric conductivity and chloride measurements, sand brought in by cars during winter was the
principal cause for clogging. No bacteria or BOD were found in percolating water. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were
present at concentrations near minimum detection limit. Nutrients (nitrate and phosphate) were being leached into the ground
via the permeable parking lot surface at annual flux rates of 0.45–0.84 g/m2/year. A multi-species tracer test demonstrated a retention capacity of the permeable parking lot structure of >90% for metals
and 27% for nutrients, respectively. |
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Keywords: | Permeable pavement Non-point source pollution Ground water quality Treatment Runoff |
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