基于风洞试验的FPSO风载荷特性研究

当FPSO服役于目标油田时,将受到风浪流的作用力。其中,风力给FPSO一个恒定的静力,使其偏离原来的位置。风力计算在FPSO系泊系统的分析过程中是非常重要的。设计人员常常参考OCIMF进行风力计算,或者参考API规范得出。OCIMF为针对油轮的计算规范,但使用OCIMF计算FPSO风力及流力的方法,与FPSO的适应性仍需要进一步论证。API规范针对海上浮式系统,其计算风流力的方法使用也非常广泛,其原理为将FPSO上部各个模块风力叠加得出。以FPSO风载荷为研究对象,开展了风洞模型试验,获得了典型FPSO风载荷特性曲线,并将试验结果分别与OCIMF结果和API规范计算结果进行对比分析,最终给出FPSO风力计算方法的建议。本数据可用于FPSO的风力计算,也可为FPSO运动、系泊的设计研究提供参考。

Wind load analysis for FPSO based on wind tunnel experiments

When FPSO is operating in an given oilfield, the environment load including wind, wave and current force will act on it. The wind force is a constant force which will drag the hull away from the original position. It is very important to calculate the wind force correctly in FPSO mooring system and motion analysis. The engineers usually do the calculation according to OCIMF or API rules.OCIMF is a rule established for the oil tanker, and it is usually used for FPSO too. But the oil tanker arrangement is different from FPSO. There are live quarter, pipelines and passage way on the deck of oil tanker, and there are more stuffs such as the process utilities, flare booms, and power stations on the deck of FPSO. Thus, it should be argued deductively whether it is right to calculate the FPSO wind force using the method described in OCIMF. API rules are worked out for the offshore floating system, and the method in the rules to get the wind force is also used widely by people. Its theory is to get the wind force by summing all the facilities on the FPSO topside. Aiming at the wind loads on FPSO, the model test is carried out in wind tunnel and typical curves of wind loads on FPSO are obtained. The test results are compared with those data from OCIMF and API formula calculation. The differences among those results are presented, and suggestions to get the FPSO wind force are given too. The result in the paper can be used for the FPSO wind force calculation and can be a valuable reference to the design and research of FPSO.