峨汉高速廖山隧道岩溶发育规律及其工程效应浅析

峨汉高速廖山隧道地处西南岩溶区，岩溶地质灾害频发。在开展岩溶区地质环境调研的基础上，厘清隧址区岩溶发育特征，浅析隧址区岩溶发育规律及其控制因素，最后探究了岩溶发育的工程效应。结果表明:隧址区岩溶形态多样，呈现多尺度、多样化、密集性发育的特征；岩溶在控溶因素的耦合作用下表现出显著的选择性、方向性、分层性、不均匀性以及系统连贯性等规律，其中地层岩性及其组合情况是物质基础，地形地貌与地质构造特征是主导条件，而水文地质条件是决定性因素；岩溶发育的工程效应表现在隧洞稳定性、岩溶涌水突泥和全寿命周期内的影响三个方面，不良岩溶地质体及岩溶富水空间的存在极易诱发洞身大变形、隧底岩溶塌陷等稳定性问题，以及局部静态岩溶水突出与湖水倒灌等涌水突泥灾害，甚至对隧道结构在运营期内的稳定性和耐久性造成不利影响。 

Features of karst development and geotechnical effects in the Liaoshan Tunnel on the E-Han expressway

The Liaoshan tunnel on the E-Han expressway is located in a karst area of southwest China with frequent geological hazards. Based on the investigation of the geological environment in the karst area，this work clarified the characteristics of karst development in the tunnel site area，analyzed its law and controlling factors，and examined its effects on the site. The results show that the karst morphology in the tunnel site area is diverse，characterized by multiple scales，diversity，and dense development. The karst shows significant selectivity，directionality，layering，heterogeneity，and system coherence and other laws，in which stratigraphic lithology and its combination are the material basis，topographic features and geological structural characteristics are the dominant conditions，and hydrogeological conditions are the decisive factors. The engineering effects of karst development are mainly expressed in 3 aspects， the stability of the tunnel，karst gushing water inrush and effect of tunnel life cycle. The existence of bad karst geological bodies and karst water-rich spaces can easily induce stability problems such as large cave deformation and karst collapses at the bottom of the tunnel as well as local static karst water outbursts and lake water flood and mud flooding disasters，sometimes even affecting the stability and durability of the tunnel structure during the operation period.