厄尔尼诺事件与中国降水及历史旱涝

本文利用中国大陆178个测站1951—1989年的月总降水量，分析厄尔尼诺事件发生当年和次年中国降水的特点及其差异。在厄尔尼诺当年，我国北方除春季降水偏多外，其余各季以少为主；南方夏季偏少，其余以多为主。与厄尔尼诺当年相比，次年多数地区降水具有相反变化趋势。这种差异在西北东部河套地区、四川盆地及青藏高原较为显著。另外，近500年来，中国历史旱涝分布与厄尔尼诺事件关系较为密切。

The Relationship Between El Nino Events and the Rainfall, Historical Drought and Waterlogging in China

By using the monthly total precipitations of 178 observational station in China (1951－1989),we have analysed the characteristics of precipitation of China in the years and next years of EI Nino events and differences between them. The precipitation to the northern area of the Changjiang River is less except in spring, and it is more than normal in the southern area of China except in summer, in the years of EI Nino phenomena onset. In the next years of EI Nino events the precipitation in the most areas of China have opposite tendency. The difference is obvious in the east of Northwest China, Sichuan basin and Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. Additionally, in recent 500 years, the relationship is close between the distribution of historical drought or waterlogging in China and EI Nino events.