近海油气藏渗漏烃的检测方法综述

主要总结了海域油气藏渗漏烃的航空遥感和地球化学检测方法.遥感测量可以从宏观上圈定海面油膜的分布范围,是海上油气藏勘探前期常用的廉价方法;海底沉积物取芯测量和海水嗅探器现场分析是海域油气藏渗漏烃地球化学检测的主要手段,海水样品的脱气处理是海水介质中渗漏烃地球化学检测的关键环节;海水和海底沉积物取样设备与脱气技术的不断完善,为海域油气藏渗漏烃的检测提供了基本保障;目前,底层水采样分析与海底沉积物取芯分析已成为一种有效且相对经济的海域油气藏渗漏烃检测技术组合,与一些地球物理方法结合应用,可有效地圈定海底下方渗漏源的位置.

SUMMARIZATION OF DETECTION METHODS OF HYDROCARBONS LEAKING FROM OFFSHORE RESERVOIRS

Like hydrocarbons in onshore oil and gas reservoirs, hydrocarbon in offshore reservoirs can seep and migrate upward, and form various kinds of offshore hydrocarbon anomalous expressions, such as higher hydrocarbon concentrations in seabed sediments and seawaters, and evolution of sea surface oil slicks. This paper summarizes the remote sensing method and various geochemical methods used in detecting various kinds of migrating hydrocarbons in offshore environment. The remote sensing method can delineate the distribution areas of the slick on a large scale, and can offer a substantially cheaper method for initially screening seepage distribution areas in early exploration stages. Seabed coring and seawater sniffing analyses are the major geochemical methods to detect offshore migrating hydrocarbons,while gas stripping and processing are critical in seawater hydrocarbon geochemical detection. Thus, improvement in sampling equipment and stripping methods provides a basic support for detecting offshore migrating hydrocarbons. Nowadays, combination of bottom water sniffing and seabed sediment coring has become an effective and relatively economic technology in offshore hydrocarbon detection.