河南卢氏发现黄土旧石器

文章报道了在河南卢氏发现的3个旧石器地点:石制品出自S₁的Ly15地点;在S₃,S₂和S₁中均有旧石器发现的Ly13地点;出自S₂的Ly14地点。3个地点的石制品均以石英岩砾石为原料,锤击法打片,石器数量较少,有手镐、刮削器,这些发现为探索中国南北旧石器文化的关系及其与环境变化的关系有重要意义。

LEOSSIC PALEOLITHS FROM LUSHI COUNTY,HENAN PROVINCE

It is a preliminary report on the result of an archeological survey which has been supported by National Nature Science Foundation(40672106),finished by a field team organized by Beijing Normal University and Luoyang Cultural Relics Bureau during December of 2006 to January of 2007.3 leossic paleo-lithic sites have been discovered in Lushi County,Henan Province.Loc.15 is situated at Xialiu Village of Hengjian Township(33°59′33″N,109°59′36″E),of the second terrace of the Luohe River which were covered by L 1 and S ₁ of Chinese loess system.Artifacts of this site,totally 58 pieces,were all from S ₁-1 and S ₁-2,which are dated of about 12.5～7.5kaB.P.,belonging to the middle Paleolithic stage.The raw materials are mainly quartzite with less quarts and sandstone.The artifacts include 12 cores,11 flakes,1 scraper,and 34 debris.12 cores can be cataloged as follows: 6 single platform,2 double platforms,3 multi-platforms,and 1 bipolar core.According to the observation of chopper and pick,the collection can be described as pebble tools.The industry of Loc.13 and Loc.14 is similar to Loc.15,but the artifacts of Loc.14 are from S ₂,while those of Loc.13 were from S ₁,S ₂,and S ₃.In China,all Paleolithic sites can be classified into 2 types: One is pebble industry,to which the stone tools such as pick,handaxe,chopper or chopping tool etc.directly shaped by pebble selected from riverbed nearby belong.The other is flake industry,to which the stone-flake tools including point,scraper,awl,and drill etc.chipped by flake belong.Some scholars believe that the former,fitting for gathering,is mainly distributed in South China and the later,fitting for hunting,is distributed over North China.Loessic Paleolithic is mainly distributed in the region from Luohe River to Fenhe and Weihe rivers,a region between North and South China.This may explain why stone artifacts in Lushi,Luonan Basin,and Lantian mostly belong to pebble industry,while those in Beiyao and Xinqiao sites are flake tools mainly consisting of flake,point,scraper,and debris etc.If both pebble tools and flake tools are discovered together,it would be difficult to confirm the previous notion that people living in cold climate area are suitable for hunting but in warm climate for gathering.By far,how to explain the characteristics of Paleolithic culture between South and North China and their relationship with environment is still a problem.Although the amount of stone artifacts discovered from Lushi area is low,it gives some important information for solving this problem.