桂林地质遗迹景观特征及其保护开发策略研究

桂林地质遗迹景观是桂林最为重要的旅游资源。在详细的野外调查基础上，依据地质遗迹调查规范（DZ/T0303-2017），梳理了桂林6区10县1市共17个区域内的312处地质遗迹景观，划分出3大类，9类和20亚类地质遗迹景观类型；景观具有数量丰富，类型多样，特色突出，品质极高，分布广泛，相对集中，地质旅游价值大等7大特征，采用直接认定法与专家打分法对地质遗迹景观质量进行等级评价，结果显示，桂林有7处世界级景观、32处国家级景观、105处省级景观、168处省级以下景观。桂林地质遗迹景观数量、类型、质量等级在各区域空间分布不均衡。文章提出建立统一的保护体系、统一的管理监督机制、桂林地质遗迹景观法律法规保障体系、桂林地质遗迹景观监测预警系统、加强科普教育，提高公众对地质遗迹景观价值和功能的认识等5大保护策略；以及保护性开发、同类景观有序性开发、特色性开发、多元性开发、不同等级景观分级开发等5大开发策略。

Characteristics of geological heritage landscapes in Guilin and their protection and development strategies

Geological heritage landscape is one of the most important tourism resources in Guilin. On the basis of detailed field investigation and Regulations for Geoheritage Investigation （DZ/T0303-2017），this paper has sorted 312 geological heritage landscapes in 17 regions respectively located in 6 districts， 10 counties and 1 city of Guilin. The types of geological heritage landscape in Guilin are divided into 3 main categories， 9 categories and 20 sub-categories. These landscapes take on seven characteristics， namely， large quantity， diverse type， high quality， wide distribution， relatively high density， and great tourism value. The quality grade of geological heritage landscape is evaluated by direct identification and experts’ scoring. The results illustrate that in Guilin there are 7 geological heritage landscapes at international level， 32 at national level， 105 at provincial level and 168 below provincial level. But these landscapes unevenly distribute in term of quantity， type and quality. Based on the research findings， 5 strategies of protecting geological heritage landscapes in Guilin are put forward， establishing a unified protection system， building a unified management and supervision mechanism， establishing a guarantee system of implementing laws and regulations for geological heritage landscape ， developing a landscape monitoring and early-warning system， strengthening science popularization to improve public’s understanding of the value and function of geological heritage landscape. Besides， 5 development strategies are also proposed， protective development， orderly development of similar landscapes， development based on the characteristics of each landscape， diversified development， development based on different quality grades of landscape.