上海东部地区全新世孢粉组合及古植被和古气候

通过对上海东部地区南汇鹤鸣Hm孔、东海Dh1井、高桥G2孔3口钻井全新世地层的孢粉研究，划分出5个孢粉组合带和3个亚带，恢复了本地区古植被演替和古气候波动的5个阶段：第1阶段为针阔叶混交林-草地，反映气候温凉略湿（前北方期）；第2阶段为含常绿阔叶树的针阔叶混交林，反映气候温和略干（北方期）；第3阶段为以常绿栎类、栲属、杨梅等为主的常绿阔叶林，反映气候热暖潮湿（大西洋期）；第4阶段是以栎、松、禾本科为主的针阔叶混交林，反映气候温暖略干（亚北方期）；第5阶段是以落叶栎类、常绿栎类、松为主的落叶阔叶、常绿阔叶、针叶混交林-草地，反映气候温暖湿润（亚大西洋期）。这为本地区的地层年代划分和对比提供了可靠的证据，为全新世古植被、古气候及古环境的重建提供了重要的孢粉学资料。

Palynological assemblages and palaeovegetation and palaeoclimate of the Holocene in eastern Shanghai

Through an intensive study on pollen and spores from the cores of Hm, Dh1 and G2 in eastern Shanghai, five palynological assemblages have been distinguished. Five stages of the evolution of palaeovegetation and palaeoclimate which are reconstructed in the Holocene in this area are as follows: the mixed forest of conifers and broad-leave trees-grassland, reflecting a temperate and little moist climate (Sub-Arctic period) ; the mixed forest of conifers and broad-leave trees with a few kinds of evergreen broad-leave trees, reflecting a temperate and slightly dry climate (Boreal period); the evergreen broad-leave forest being mainly composed of Quercus (evergreen) and Castanopsis , indicating a hot and moist climate (Atlantic period); the mixed forest of conifers and broad-leave trees, taking Quercus, Pinus and Gramirieae as the main elements in palynological assemblages, reflecting a warm and little dry climate (Sub-Boreal period ) ;the mixed forest of deciduous broad-leaves, evergreen broad leaves and conifers-grassland, with Quercus (deciduous, evergreen )and pines being the main components, reflecting a warm and moist climate (Sub-Atlantic period ). The study provides reliable evidences for the division and correlation of the ages of the sediments in this region and also provides important palynological information for the reconstruction of palaeovegetation, palaeoclimate and palaeoenvironment of the Holocene in this area.