珠三角城市群生态游憩空间分异特征及关联性因素

生态游憩空间是居民放松身心、亲近自然的主要活动场所,是提升居民生活质量和幸福感的重要开放空间。随着城市群的一体化发展,以及城市群居民对居住环境和休闲品质要求的提高,生态空间游憩利用的区域组织成为了新的理论课题。本文在界定生态游憩空间并对其进行空间解译的基础上,运用GIS空间分析方法,对珠三角城市群生态游憩空间分布的集聚和分异特征进行了刻画,并分析了其与人文、自然生态要素的空间关系,揭示生态游憩空间分布存在的问题与成因。结果显示：① 各城市生态空间游憩利用率的空间分异明显,反映了生态空间游憩利用缺少有效的区域统筹。② 生态游憩空间数量、规模、等级以及生态空间游憩利用率分布具有空间集聚特征,但四者的集聚导向存在差异。③ 生态游憩空间分布与地形、交通具有空间依存关系,但与水系、旅游要素以及文化资源分布的关联性不明显。④ 生态游憩空间面积分布与人口密度分布相反,说明珠三角城市群生态空间游憩服务存在供需空间错位矛盾。

Spatial differentiation and correlative factors of ecological recreation space distribution in the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration

As an open place for residents to relax and get close to nature, ecological recreation space (ERS) plays an important role in improving residents’ life quality and wellbeing. With the integrated development of urban agglomerations and the increasingly high requirements of urban residents for the quality of their habitat and leisure environment, the regional organization of recreational use of ecological space within urban agglomerations has become a new hot topic. Based on the definition and spatial interpretation of ERS, this paper analyzed the spatial agglomeration and differentiation characteristics of ERSs in the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration (PRDUA) by using GIS spatial analysis methods. The spatial relationship between ERS and other humanities and natural ecological elements were also analyzed to reveal the problems and causes of the distribution of ERS. The results show that: (1) The spatial differentiation of recreational utilization rate of ecological space in each city is obvious, which reflects the lack of effective regional co-ordination of recreational utilization of ecological space. (2) The distribution of ERS’s number, scale, grade, and recreational utilization rate of ecological space is characterized by spatial agglomeration, but with different agglomeration orientations. (3) The distribution of ERS is spatially dependent on topography and traffic, but its link with the distribution of water systems, tourism elements, and cultural resources is not evident. (4) The area distribution of ERS is opposite to that of population density, suggesting the contradiction between the supply and demand of recreation services of ecological spaces. Compared with previous studies, this study attempted to reveal more factors that affect the spatial distribution of ERS in regional scale through the empirical study in PRDUA. It can be concluded that the factors affecting the spatial differentiation of ERS include three natural factors, i.e. topography, water system, and ecological space distribution, and three human factors, i.e. population density, transportation and regional policy and management. Interestingly, ERS distribution is not significantly correlated with the tourism elements and cultural resources, which suggests that the coordination between ERS layout and tourism and cultural system needs to be improved in the future in PRDUA.