Gabor地表一致性反褶积算法研究与应用

目前普遍应用的地表一致性反褶积可在假设地震子波平稳的条件下对地震记录在共炮点、共检波点、共偏移距和共中心点4个域进行谱分解,但没有考虑实际地下介质的衰减影响。为更真实地反映地下介质的反射特征,对地震数据做Gabor地表一致性反褶积。该方法是在时频域内对地震数据进行反褶积,能够同时消除子波激发、接收效应和地层衰减影响,并利用偏移距和共中心点信息参数化反褶积算子的Q函数组分,在炮检域及共中心点域估算震源激发、检波器接收和地层衰减效应。该方法在庐枞矿集区地震资料处理中与其他地表一致性反褶积相比,抗噪性强,具有相位调整、薄层反射增强的特点,并克服了空间上同一层波组不同时窗内频率补偿过头或不均匀现象,提高了地震信号的分辨率。

Research and application of Gabor surface-consistent deconvolution

The surface-consistent deconvolution applied at present can make spectrum decomposition in common shot point（CSP）,common receiver point（CRP）,common offset（CO） and common midpoint（CMP） domains to seismic record on the assumption of seismic wavelet being stable,but the attenuation effects of actual underground medium are not considered.In order to truely reflect the reflection characteristics of underground medium,Gabor surface-consistent deconvolution of seismic record has been processed in time-frequency domain.This method can eliminates the effects of the wavelet excitation,acception effect and formation attenuation simultaneously.Using offset and common midpoint information,the Q function component of deconvolution operator can be parameterized,and estimates the seismic source excitation,geophone acception and formation attenuation in offset and common midpoint domain.This method applied in data processing of Luzong concentration area has strong antinoise,phase adaptation and thin-bed reflection compared with other surface-consistent deconvolutions,which overcomes the phenomena of frequency overcompensation or nonuniformity in different time-windows of the same wave group in spatial domain,and improves the resolution of seismic singal.