脊尾白虾白斑综合征病毒耐受群体重要免疫相关酶的活性分析

白斑综合征(white spot syndrome,WSS)的爆发已给虾类养殖业造成了严重经济损失,寻找能够指示虾类群体抗白斑病能力的指标对虾类养殖业具有重要意义。本研究以脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda Holthuis)为实验材料,以人工注射白斑综合征病毒(white spot syndrome virus,WSSV)攻毒后稳定存活的脊尾白虾作为WSSV耐受群体(命名为Rm),以注射PBS的虾作为对照群体(命名为Vm),分析比较了Rm群体和Vm群体的酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性差异以探讨筛选对虾抗病免疫指标的可行性。Rm群体的ACP和AKP活性均显著低于Vm群体(P0.05),而两群体在SOD活性上无显著差异。为进一步检验WSSV耐受群体是否比未经历过病毒感染的虾具有更高的抗WSSV的能力,作者以实验室养殖过程中经过WSSV自然感染后存活的脊尾白虾作为抗性群体(命名为Rn),以未经历过WSSV感染的脊尾白虾作为普通群体(Vn),进行WSSV人工注射攻毒,观察它们在WSSV感染后的存活率,结果显示Rn群体攻毒后存活率为33.2%,显著高于Vn群体的存活率15.1%(P0.05),说明ACP和AKP有可能作为虾类抗WSSV能力的评价指标。

Analysis on the activity of immune related enzymes in survived Exopalaemon carinicauda from WSSV infection

The white spot syndrome(WSS)had caused great economic loss to shrimp aquaculture. Seeking effective indicator for anti-WSSV ability in shrimp is very important to aquaculture industry. In the present study, Exopalaemon carinicauda was chosen as a investigation target. The activities of different enzymes, including acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), in the individuals survived from WSSV injection (WSSV tolerance population, Rm), and individuals subject to PBS injection (control population, Vm) were examined and compared in order to screen shrimp anti-virus indicators. The data showed that the activities of ACP and AKP in Rm were significantly lower than those in Vm, while the activity of SOD showed no difference between them. In order to explore whether individuals survived from WSSV infection showed higher anti-WSSV ability than normal shrimp, we took another batch of shrimp survived from natural WSSV infection as WSSV tolerance population (Rn), and shrimp without WSSV infection as control population (Vn) to perform WSSV injection. The cumulative mortality and survival rate were compared between Rn and Vn, and the data showed that Rn had significantly higher survival rate than Vn. These data suggest that ACP and AKP have the potential to be developed as indicators for evaluation of the anti-WSSV ability of shrimp.