俄罗斯的沉积盆地和油气资源(英文)

俄罗斯的内陆和海上大约有 30个盆地赋含油气。这些盆地囊括了所有的以板块构造为分类准则的盆地类型 ,即 :( 1)内陆裂谷和超裂谷台坳 ;( 2 )现代大陆边缘的上叠台坳 ;( 3)与冲断褶皱系统毗邻的被动大陆边缘和 ( 4 )岩石圈板块聚敛带 (即大洋板块俯冲到大陆板块之下的地带 )。第一类盆地包括广袤的西西伯利亚超拗拉槽盆地和西伯里亚的Viluy拗拉槽等。第二类包括一些具油气远景的俄罗斯北冰洋盆地和里海边缘盆地。第三类包括乌拉尔前渊的伏尔加—乌拉尔盆地 (Volga—Urals)、大高加索前渊的亚速—库班盆地 (Azov—Kuban)和捷列克—里海盆地 (Terek—Caspian)以及其它盆地。被动大陆边缘经历了 2个到 3个演化阶段 ,主要油气聚集期通常对应后裂谷期。第四类盆地是指远东和俄罗斯东北部的盆地。在鄂霍次克海 (萨哈林岛—鄂霍次克和西堪察加—鄂霍次克 )已经发现了油气田 ,有一些盆地 (Anadyr和Khatyrka)已被证实含有油气。裂陷作用也控制着弧后盆地的形成。盆地的地球动力学特征控制着油气藏的分布、圈闭类型和资源富集程度。俄罗斯的油气富集区主要集中在伏尔加—乌拉尔、西西伯利亚、铁梓哥—伯朝阿 (Timano—Pechora)和萨哈林 (Sakhalin)地区 ,大约 4 5%的资源量被采出 ,其他盆地有很好的远景。里海的俄?

SEDIMENTARY BASINS AND HYDROCARBON RESOURCES IN RUSSIA

Within the territory of Russia and its offshore economic zone, there are about 30 sedimentary basins containing oil and gas. The basins include almost all basin types described in current plate tectonic classifications. They are (1) intracontinental rifts and suprarift syneclises, (2) overlain syneclises of modern continental margins, (3) passive margins of continents adjacent thrust fold systems, (4) basins in lithospheric plate convergent zones.Typical basins of the first group include the vast West Siberian supraaulacogen basin and the Viluy aulacogen. The second type comprises perspective basins in the Arctic margins of Russia and Peri Caspian basins. The third group consists of the Volga Urals basin with the Ural foredeep, the Azov Kuban basin and the Terek Caspian basin with the greater Caucasus foredeeps. The passive continental margins underwent two or three rift stages of development. The fourth type includes basins of Far East and Northern parts of Russia. Oil and gas fields have been found in basins in Okhotsk Sea (Sakhalin Okhotsky, West Kamchatka Okhotsky). Some basins such as Anadyr and Khatyrka basins have been proved to contain hydrocarbon. Rifting played an important role in formation of the back arc basins. The location and distribution of oil and gas deposits, main style of traps and potential resources are all features influenced by the geodynamic regime of basins.Most reserves of oil discovered in Russia concentrate in the Volga Ural, West Siberian, Timano Pechore and Sakhalin basins. About 45% of resources in the Volga Ural basin have been extracted. The other basins have very good perspectives. The Russia part of the Peri Caspian basin has rich resources. Russia is a leading country in natural gas resources in the world.