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Persistent organic pollutants and stable isotopes in biopsy samples (2004/2006) from Southern Resident killer whales |
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| Authors: | Krahn Margaret M Hanson M Bradley Baird Robin W Boyer Richard H Burrows Douglas G Emmons Candice K Ford John K B Jones Linda L Noren Dawn P Ross Peter S Schorr Gregory S Collier Tracy K |
| Affiliation: | aNOAA Fisheries, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, 2725 Montlake Boulevard East, Seattle, WA 98112, USA bCascadia Research, 218 1/2 W, 4th Avenue, Olympia, WA 98501, USA cFisheries and Oceans Canada, Pacific Biological Station, Nanaimo, BC, Canada V9R 5K6 dFisheries and Oceans Canada, Institute of Ocean Sciences, P.O. Box 6000, Sidney, BC, Canada V8L 4B2 |
| Abstract: | “Southern Resident” killer whales include three “pods” (J, K and L) that reside primarily in Puget Sound/Georgia Basin during the spring, summer and fall. This population was listed as “endangered” in the US and Canada following a 20% decline between 1996 and 2001. The current study, using blubber/epidermis biopsy samples, contributes contemporary information about potential factors (i.e., levels of pollutants or changes in diet) that could adversely affect Southern Residents. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes indicated J- and L-pod consumed prey from similar trophic levels in 2004/2006 and also showed no evidence for a large shift in the trophic level of prey consumed by L-pod between 1996 and 2004/2006. ∑PCBs decreased for Southern Residents biopsied in 2004/2006 compared to 1993–1995. Surprisingly, however, a three-year-old male whale (J39) had the highest concentrations of ∑PBDEs, ∑HCHs and HCB. POP ratio differences between J- and L-pod suggested that they occupy different ranges in winter. |
| Keywords: | Biopsy sampling Stable isotopes Persistent organic pollutants Brominated diphenyl ethers Orcinus orca |
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