岩溶IGCP国际合作30年与岩溶关键带研究展望

全球岩溶类型多样，对环境变化敏感，资源与环境问题突出，是地球关键带监测与研究的重点，IGCP661项目的执行为岩溶区关键带类型划分与监测对比研究提供了契机和国际合作平台。近30年岩溶IGCP执行始终强调岩溶系统与人类活动环境的相互作用，其轨迹实际上与地球系统科学到地球关键带理念是一脉相承的。IGCP299提出了岩溶形态组合概念，揭示各种岩溶形态与其形成环境之间的因果关系。岩溶动力系统(IGCP379), 岩溶生态系统(IGCP448)概念的提出有助于我们更好地理解岩溶系统的整体功能，及系统内水、生物地球化学过程、人类活动的相互作用，进而形成了一整套岩溶动力学研究方法体系。开辟了岩溶记录与全球变化、碳循环与应对气候变化、石漠化形成演变与生态修复等研究新领域，并取得了丰硕的研究成果，有力地推动了现代岩溶学的发展。 

30 years international cooperation with IGCP and perspectives of karst critical zone research

IGCP661 "the Critical Zone in Karst Systems" (2017-2021) is a successive karst related project of IGCP299, 379, 448, 513 and 598. The implementation of IGCP661 provides a fine opportunity to bring scientists in karst community together and an international cooperation platform to conduct karst critical zone monitoring work and research. Tracing back to the six karst IGCP projects, the implementation trajectory and development of those projects are in line with the earth system science in 1990s to earth critical zone science in early 21st century. The impacts of climate change and anthropogenic activities to karst systems' sustainability are always concerned over two decades. In this paper, main scientific results and progresses achieved by working groups of six karst IGCP projects were summarized, in hope of promoting the correlation of various karst critical zones and establishing a global network of monitoring sites. Following the guideline of Earth System Science and multidisciplinary cooperation, systematic methodologies, namely, the Karst Feature Complex concept was raised and adopted in IGCP299 as a tool to avoid the confusion of isomorphism that might arise in morphological correlation on karst. The Karst Dynamic System(KDS) (in Project 379), Karst Ecosystem (in Project448) were used to better understand how karst systems function, and how the water, chemical, biological and human systems interact within them. Guideline with this synthesized conceptual framework, karst study was extended to global change research field. IGCP 379 sets up a link between karst processes and global change. Carbonate rock dissolution consumed atmospheric CO2 and/or soil CO2, thus the resulting CO2 uptake could contribute to atmospheric CO2 precipitation (sink). There will be an increase on this value with further consideration of carbon-pumping effect of aquatic plants. The greatest societal contribution to karst science within the framework of the IGCP has come by way of study and training efforts in the development and protection of karst water resources, with both ecological (IGCP 448) and human (IGCP 513) dimensions. Some extension works focusing on environmental change impacts upon karst system sustainability were continued and enhanced (IGCP/SIDA598), scientists and laboratories affiliated with IGCP/SIDA 598 made contributions to quantifying the impact of biogeochemical processes and human activities such as land use change on the carbon cycle.Correlation work of IGCP661 is planned to start along the Belt and Road karst zone. Karst Technical Committee(TC319) under International Organization for Standardization , will work closely with IGCP 661 to develop technical specifications for karst critical zone monitoring, thus supporting site international correlation and network establishment.