近55年广西融水县降水气候特征分析

利用融水县气象站1959-2013年的降水资料,采用数理统计和线性倾向估计分析方法,分析了融水县降水分布特征及其变化规律。结果表明：融水县降水分配不均,主要集中在4-8月,6月最多,5月次之;年暴雨日数6.9d,暴雨持续时间多为1d,最长4d;近55年来融水县年降水量和汛期（4-9月）降水量均呈减少趋势,每10年分别减少16mm和6mm,而主汛期（5-8月）的降水量却呈增多趋势,每10年增加13mm,这预示着融水县未来降水可能更趋于集中在主汛期（5-8月）,发生洪涝灾害的几率可能增多。此外,一日最大降水量呈增多趋势,预示未来降雨强度可能增大;春、秋季的降水量呈减少趋势,提示未来发生春旱、秋旱的几率可能增多。

Climatic characteristic analysis on the precipitation in Rongshui County of Guangxi during recent 55 years

Based on precipitation data of weather station from 1959 to 2013, in Rongshui, characteristics of precipitation distribution and its variation rules were analyzed by using mathematical statistics and the linear trend estimation analysis method. The results show that distribution of precipitation is uneven, and mainly concentrates in April to August, during which June is in the top of the list, while May take second place; Annual rainstorm days is 6.9 d, heavy rain duration（1d） with longest（4d）; There is decreasing trend of annual precipitation and flood season（April to September） during recent 55 years with the precipitation in each decade reducing 16 mm and 6 mm respectively, while the main flood season（May to August） presents increase trend with 13 mm insreasing per decade, which indicates the precipitation may tend to be more focused in the main flood season, and the chance of flooding may increase. In addition, maximum precipitation of per day present up tendency, which means the intensity of precipitation, may increase; spring and autumn precipitation shows a trend of decrease suggesting the chance of spring and autumn drought may increase in the future.