节能减排与中国经济的低碳发展

自1978年实行改革开放以来,中国走的是一条赶超型或压缩型的工业化道路。伴随着经济的高速增长,发达国家上百年工业化过程中分阶段出现的种种资源和环境问题在中国集中显现。面对资源短缺、环境污染和气候变化对经济增长的瓶颈性约束,国家在"十一五"规划纲要中提出了节能减排的具体目标。文章概述了"十一五"规划提出节能减排目标的背景,分析了其对控制温室气体排放的重要意义,总结了目前节能减排工作取得的成绩和存在的困难,提出了中国发展低碳经济的政策建议。

Energy Saving and Emission Reductions: Their Significance to China's Transition to a Low-Carbon Economy

China has taken a catching-up-type or rapid industrialization road since the reform and opening in 1978. With rapid economic growth, all kinds of resources and environmental problems, which normally arose in various phases over a 100-year course of industrialization in developed countries, have concentratedly appeared in China. Facing the bottlenecks of economic growth-the shortage of resources, environmental pollution, and climate change etc., China put forward specific targets of energy saving and emission reductions in the 11th Five-Year Plan. The article firstly outlines the background of setting energy saving and emission reductions targets in the 11th Five-Year Plan and analyzes the significance of controlling greenhouse gas emissions, then sums up achievements and difficulties in current energy conservation and emission reductions work, and finally puts forward policy suggestions for the development of a low-carbon economy in China.