汕头港及其邻近水域潮间带海产动物体内重金属污染的调查

调查了汕头港及邻近水域潮间带常见海产动物体内的重金属含量。结果表明，翡翠贻贝(Perna viridis)体内的Ni、鳞笠藤壶(Tetraclita squamosa squamosa)体内的Cr和Zn、近江牡蛎(Crassostrea rivularis Gould)体内的Cu和Zn含量高于海洋生物污染评价标准。近江牡蛎的Cu污染因子质量分指数最高达6．01。可食性贝类中疣荔枝螺(Thais clavigera)体内的Cd、Zn，翡翠贻贝体内的Cd、Ni和Pb，小荚蛏(Siliqua minima)体内的Cd、Ni，近江牡蛎体内的Cd、Cu、Ni和Zn的含量高于人体食用限量标准。其中近江牡蛎体内的Zn含量最高，为限量标准的23．5倍。港内比港外污染严重，远离港口站位的生物体内重金属含量仍有超标现象，表明汕头港及其邻近水域的重金属污染严重。

AN INVESTIGATION ON HEAVY METAL CONTAMINATION OF MARINE ANIMALS IN SHANTOU HARBOR

Heavy metal contents have been investigated for the 10 species of marine animals in the intertidal zone inside and outside the Shantou Harbor. The results showed that the contents of necessary elements such as Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn were significantly higher than those of the unnecessary elements such as Cd, Ni, Cr and Pb. Concentrations of Ni in the mussels, Cr and Zn in the barnacles, and Cu and Zn in the oysters were higher than the evaluation standard of heavy metal pollution for the investigated animals. Among them, the highest quality fraction of pollution factor in the oysters was 6.01 times of the limit standard. Moreover, the contents of heavy metals in edible shellfishes, such as Cd and Zn in the rock-shells, Cd, Ni and Pb in the mussels, Cd and Ni in the siliquas, and Cd, Cu, Ni and Zn in the oysters, highly exceeded the limit standard for human consumption. Among them, Zn in the oysters was 23.5 times of the limit standard. The heavy metal contamination inside the Shantou Harbor was much severer than that outside the harbor. Even so, the contents of heavy metals in marine animals at the sampling stations far away from the entry of the harbor were still higher than the limit standard, indicating that heavy metal pollution was severe in the investigated areas.