初论古文化类型演替与传承模式的区域分异——以西拉沐沦河流域和汶泗流域为例

西拉沐沦河流域地处中国地貌大势三大台阶之中台阶与低台阶的过渡区。该区的中度抬升和下切,造成了西拉沐沦河流域考古文化遗址在空间上的垂向迁移;频繁的迁移也导致了考古遗址在堆积形态上主要表现为单一型,体现了不同考古文化之间“间断”的,不稳定的传承方式。位于中国地貌大势之低台阶上的汶泗流域,属自下古生代以来就十分稳定的剥蚀区,这些自然条件造成了汶泗流域遗址在堆积形态上主要表现为叠置型,考古文化在时空上,很少随着时间做空间上的改变,基本上在同一水平空间稳定不动,体现了不同考古文化之间“连续”、稳定的传承方式。两个流域的对比研究说明,不同地域、不同的自然条件,可以造成考古文化演替与传承模式的区域分异

EVOLUTION OF ANCIENT CULTURE TYPES AND REGIONAL DIFFERENTIATION OF THEIR PROPAGATION AND SUCCESSION MODELS: A PRELIMINARY STUDY

The landform framework of China was divided into three steps from west to east. The Xar Moron River watershed area is located on the transion area between the middle and lower steps of the landform framework. It is a moderate uplifting and downcutting area. Landform changes due to the uplifting and downcutting forced ancient men in the Xar Moron River watershed moving frequently in order to go after water sources or void floods. This frequent moving resulted in the existence of a single-culture at most of archaeological sites in the Xar Moron River watershed. That is, only a culture layer was discovered at a site, or some big break occurred between different culture layers at the same site. This is an unstable culture propagation and succession model. On the other hand, the Wen-Si Rivers watershed area, located on the lower step of the Chinese landform framework, has existed as a stable area without obvious uplift since Late Paleozonic. The landform there changed scarcely and so did habitations. Such environments resulted in the existence of a superposed culture at most of archaeological sites in the Wen-Si Rivers watershed. That is, different culture layers are vertically distributed at the same site, and some succession relation occurs between them. This is an intermittent culture propagation and succession model. These two models of culture propagation and succession reflect a regional differentiation of ancient culture types of China, mainly depending on the change of landform and natural environments.$$$$