印度洋大地震与海啸灾害综述

2004年12月26日8时58分,印尼苏门答腊岛附近海域发生M8.7地震（百年以来第5次大地震）,其引发的海啸波及了东南亚和南亚至少10个国家,截至2005年3月5日已造成28万人死亡和重大财产损失.这是自1964年3月以来世界上发生的最强烈地震,此次海啸是1900年以来这一地区发生的最大海啸.叙述了此次地震和海啸的破坏情况以及受灾国的应急救援工作和国际社会的反应.概述了地震海啸灾害及其研究简况.

Review on the India Ocean Large Earthquake and Disaster Caused by Tsunami

An earthquake of M8.7 occurred in the ocean near Sumatra Island,Indonesia,at 8:58 AM,Dec.26,2004.It is 5~(th) large earthquake during the last century.The tsunami caused by this quake came to 10 countries at least,resulting in death of 280 thousand people,up to date of Mar.5,2005,and heavy losses in property.This earthquake is the strongest one in the world since Mar,1964,meanwhile the tsunami is the largest one in this area since 1900.In this paper,the devastation by this quake and tsunami,the emergency response and rescue of disaster suffering countries and reaction of international communities are described.Also,disasters on earthquake and tsunami and related researches,as well as the seismological observation and research in Indonesia are briefly introduced.