水城县沙坡村农户经济行为调查研究

通过对贵州省水城县沙坡村 80家农户的抽样调查分析 ,发现农户的经济行为是农民适应周围自然、资源环境和社会经济结构的反应。重点讨论了农户的就业方式及其就业结构、农户在农业和非农业领域的就业行为特征及其形成原因。由于农民掌握的知识、技能主要集中在农业生产领域 ,限制了他们在非农领域的经常性就业。临时性的非农就业虽然能够在一定程度上增加农户的家庭收入 ,增强农民与外部世界的接触和交流 ,但对于贫困山区的资源配置、环境保护和农村社会经济结构转型的作用还不明显。作者对此提出了相关建议。

A case study on economic behaviors of 80 households in Shapo Village of Shuicheng County, Guizhou Province,2001-2002

Based on an analysis of fieldwork data collected by the authors from 80 households in the Shapo Village of Shuicheng County in Guizhou Province, the phenomenon of differentiation between behaviors of households who own different resources has been found. The differentiation is adaptable to resources, environment and structure of society and economy up against households. The paper has revealed the main characteristics of employment structure, employment behaviors in both agricultural and nonagricultural sectors and has explained the causes. The results show that factors such as household registration system, low economic accumulation, limited knowledge and simple technology restrict the farmers to be employed by nonagricultural sectors; and household registration constitutes the greatest institutional barrier constraining the migration of rural workers. Because of the low input and output agricultural production mode, households have few accumulation generally, helping the households break out the greatest institutional barrier of registration system to migrate. But owing to the limited knowledge and simple technology, the farmers can not get stable job and incomes, which pull them back home, most of the farmers cannot but choose part time work in nonagricultural sectors. Part time work in nonagricultural sectors can improve the farmers' living standard to a certain degree, which however can contribute little to the optimization of the rural resources, as well as the rural social and economic development. Finally some feasible suggestions are put forwards, i.e.,control the amount of population and increase investment of education; to establish uniform system of social security; and to strengthen rural infrastructure construcion.