Compositions,sources and depositional environments of organic matter from the Middle Jurassic clays of Poland |
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| Authors: | Leszek Marynowski Micha? Zatoń Bernd RT Simoneit Angelika Otto Mariusz O J?drysek Cezary Grelowski Slawomir Kurkiewicz |
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| Institution: | 1. Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Silesia, B?dzińska 60, PL-41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland;2. College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences and Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;3. Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, Sektion Paläobotanik, Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt/Main, Germany;4. Laboratory of Isotope Geology and Geoecology, University of Wroc?aw, Cybulskiego 30, PL-50-205 Wroc?aw, Poland;5. PETROGEO Ltd., Pl. Staszica 9, PL-64-920 Pi?a, Poland;6. Department of Instrumental Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Silesia, PL-41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland |
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| Abstract: | The comprehensive biomarker characteristics from previously undescribed Middle Jurassic clays of Poland are presented. The molecular composition of the organic matter (OM) derived from clays of Aalenian to Callovian age has not changed significantly through time. High relative concentrations of many biomarkers typical for terrestrial material suggest a distinct dominance of OM derived from land plants. Increasing concentrations of C29-diaster-13(17)-enes towards the northern part of the basin indicate an increase in terrestrial input. This terrestrial material would have originated from the enhanced transport of organic matter from land situated at the northern bank of the basin, i.e., the Fennoscandian Shield. The organic matter was deposited in an oxic to suboxic environment, as indicated by relatively low concentrations of C33–C35 homohopanes, moderate to high Pr/Ph ratio values, an absence of compounds characteristic for anoxia and water column stratification, such as isorenieratane, aryl isoprenoids and gammacerane, as well as common benthic fauna and burrows. δ18O measurements from calcitic rostra of belemnites suggest that the mean value of the Middle Jurassic sea-water temperature of the Polish Basin was 13.1 °C. It is suggested that this mirrored the temperature of the lower water column because belemnites are considered here to be necto-benthic. The organic matter from the Middle Jurassic basin of Poland is immature. This is clearly indicated by a large concentration of biomarkers with the biogenic configurations, such as ββ-hopanes, hop-13(18)-enes, hop-17(21)-enes, diasterenes and sterenes. The identification of preserved, unaltered biomolecules like ferruginol, 6,7-dehydroferruginol and sugiol in Protopodocarpoxylon wood samples from these sediments present particularly strong evidence for the presence of immature OM in the Middle Jurassic sediments. Moreover, the occurrence of these polar diterpenoids is important due to the fact that they are definitely the oldest known natural products detected in geological samples. |
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