基于TRMM卫星资料对四川盆地降水的三维结构特征分析

利用TRMM卫星多种探测仪器得到的观测资料，分析研究2010年7月15~18日由西南低涡引发的四川盆地区域性暴雨天气过程，重点揭示了该次过程降水的三维结构特征。结果表明:红外和微波亮温数据均能从一定侧面反映低涡云系的降水特征；西南低涡引发的降水属于中尺度系统降水，层云降水对总降水的贡献率超过90%，存在明显的亮带结构；大范围降水区内包含一条主雨带和若干独立的对流性雨团，表现为大范围层云降水围绕对流降水的结构特征，对流性降水云顶最高能发展到17km，局部最大降水率出现在2~5km高度；降水凸起部分为独立的对流降水云团，呈塔状立体结构。 

Using TRMM Satellite Data to Analyze the Torrential Rain Three-dimensional Structure in Sichuan Basin

By using the multichannel standard data of TRMM, the precipitation three-dimensional structure of the torrential rain caused by Southwest China Vortex in Sichuan basin is studied. The results show that the infrared and microwave brightness temperature characteristics can proof the precipitation characteristics of Southwest China Vortex. The precipitation caused by Southwest China Vortex (SCV) belongs to mesoscale precipitation system, the contribution of stratiform precipitation is more than 90% and there is a clear bright band structure. The extensive precipitation areas are concluding a rain belt and some independent convective precipitation clouds, presenting the structural characteristic of convective precipitation surrounded by large-scale stratiform precipitation. The cloud top of convective precipitations can reach 17km, the local maximum precipitation rate appears at 2~5km height. The bulge part of precipitation is the single independent convective cloud with a precipitation tower shape from the three-dimensional map.