近53a珠峰地区气温降水变化特征分析

利用聂拉木和定日国家气象观测站1967~2019年月气温和降水资料，开展了珠穆朗玛峰（简称珠峰）地区季、年气温和降水变化特征分析及变化趋势检验。结果表明：近53a珠峰地区季、年平均气温呈显著升高趋势，冬季增温幅度最大，年平均气温在1997年之前为波动下降而1997年之后则是波动增加，进入21世纪后气温升高愈发明显且在冬季尤为突出；珠峰地区1967~2019年降水量呈波动变化但变化趋势不显著；珠峰地区气温和降水体现出较强的局地性差异，其南、北坡气温和降水呈现出不同的变化特征。

Study on the Climatic Characteristics in the Mount Qomolangma Region during the Last 53 Years

According to the mean seasonal and annual temperature and precipitation from Nielamu and Dingri meteorological stations in the periods of 1967~2019, the variability of temperature and precipitation and their trends are analyzed in the Mount Qomolangma region. The biggest fluctuation of precipitation occured in winter on the seasonal scale, the mean annual temperature showed a wavelike decrease change before 1997 and a wavelike increase change after 1997, the mean seasonal and annual temperature are increased with the increasing of age. There is an increasing trend in mean seasonal and annual temperatures during this period in the Mount Qomolangma region, and the increasing trends in winter seem more significant than those in the other three seasons. The research in this paper showed the seasonal and annual precipitation are no obvious variation in the Mount Qomolangma region. On the other hand, there is obvious local change characteristics for temperature and precipitation in the Mount Qomolangma region. The results of this study would be helpful for the understanding of the climatic characteristics on the Tibetan Plateau, and it could provide a reference for the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research (STEP).