市场转向与产业升级路径分析——以珠江三角洲出口导向型家具产业为例

近年来,特别是2008年全球金融危机爆发以后,中国出口导向型制造业出现了由以出口为主转向出口和内销并进的发展趋势。然而现有文献较少关注市场转向对制造业企业产业升级的影响。基于全球生产网络的视角,以珠江三角洲出口导向型家具产业为例,通过以深度访谈为主的定性研究方法,探讨出口导向型制造业企业在出口转内销过程中的产业升级路径。结果显示：在与中国国内市场进行战略耦合（strategic coupling）的过程中,家具制造业企业分别通过网络式、企业内部协调式及市场型方式嵌入国内市场导向型的生产网络,并呈现出产业升级（upgrading）和降级（downgrading）等多元化路径。中国市场为家具制造业企业提供了产业升级特别是功能升级的机会,但小部分制造业企业也经历着产品降级的过程。研究市场转向中的产业升级对理解后危机时代新兴市场的崛起具有一定的理论意义;同时对理解在全球经济背景下中国出口导向型加工制造业转型具有实践意义。

Market reorientation and industrial upgrading trajectories: Evidence from the export-oriented furniture industry in the Pearl River Delta

In the aftermath of the 2008 global financial crisis, export-oriented industries in China have engaged in the transition from exports to focusing on both exports and domestic sales. However, the impact of market reorientation on industrial upgrading of manufacturing firms remain understudied. Drawing upon the global production networks (GPNs) perspective, this study explores the upgrading trajectories of export-oriented firms in their market reorientation towards China's market. This paper takes the export-oriented furniture industry in the Pearl River Delta (PRD), China as a case. On the basis of in-depth interviews, results suggest that furniture firms are strategically coupled with China's domestic market by establishing networks relations, intra-firm coordination relations, and market-based relations with domestic agents. Market reorientation has stimulated variegated upgrading trajectories of furniture firms. Some furniture firms gained functional upgrading opportunities, while some experienced industrial downgrading. The research on industrial upgrading in the market reorientation could enrich the literature by exploring the implications of the rise of emerging markets in the post-crisis era. It also helps to understand the transformation of export-oriented industries in China in the contemporary global economy.