中国人地关系及人地关系地域系统研究方法述评

人地关系及人地关系地域系统是地理学基础理论研究的本质所在,其研究方法的发展和完善不仅能促进人地关系研究的不断深化,而且可以更有效地解决经济社会发展中出现的复杂资源环境问题。在梳理人地关系及人地关系地域系统的内涵及研究脉络基础上,从哲学和环境史、可持续发展、人地关系地域系统研究方法、人地关系综合表征方法等四方面评述了中国人地关系及人地关系地域系统的研究方法,并提出了未来的发展趋势。① 伴随着人地关系及人地关系地域系统内涵的不断演变,人地关系地域系统的研究方法也不断发展,丰富了人地关系的理论内涵和方法体系。② 人地关系地域系统的不同研究方法各具特点,并且各有其适用性和局限性,总体上是往综合集成方向发展,如生态足迹和资源环境承载力等,是人地关系综合集成研究的有益探索。③ 提出人地关系地域系统研究方法未来的发展趋势包括发展自然要素和人文要素耦合的综合集成研究方法,加强新技术手段和新研究方法的运用,完善资源环境基础和资源环境承载力等综合研究的理论体系。

Review for the methodologies on man-land relationship and man-land areal system in China

Man-land relationship and man-land areal system is the core of theoretical research in geography, the methodology advances of which, can not only promote the further study on man-land relationship, but also effectively solve the comprehensive resource-environment issues during the economic and social development. Based on the extensive literature review on connotation and research progress of man-land relationship and man-land areal system, this paper summarizes various research methods on China's man-land relationship and man-land areal system from four aspects including philosophy and environmental history, sustainable development, research methods on man-land areal system, and integrated characterization methods on man-land relationship, and discusses the future development trend. (1) Along with the connotation evolution of man-land relationship and man-land areal system, its study methods have been developed, which enriches the theoretical connotation and methodological system of man-land relationship. (2) Different research methods on man-land areal system vary with their respective features, and each has its own applicability and limitations. Nevertheless, the synthetic research methods are the main development trend, such as ecological footprint and resources-environmental carrying capacity, which are the useful exploration of integrated study on man-land relationship. (3) The development trends of further research methodologies on man-land areal system include the integrated research methods coupling natural and human factors, the application of new technological means and new research methods, and the theoretical system of comprehensive research on natural endowment and resources and environment carrying capacity.