近代地图中的台湾景象及其变迁

近代地图是更加深入认识中国台湾经济社会的一种工具。分析1714年法国传教士冯秉正所绘制的底图、1891年《台湾地舆总图》、1904年《二万分一堡图》上的时空信息,又根据历史文献和原始数据,讨论中国台湾被整体纳入清朝版图后经济社会的变迁及其特征。研究表明：① 清前期,中国台湾处在经济社会发展的初始阶段;② 清晚期开埠通商后,中国台湾从传统走向近代,逐步迈入近代化阶段;③ 日本占据时,中国台湾经济社会的变迁与日本殖民统治的需要有着密切的关系。结论对于认识当时中国台湾经济社会的变迁以及为当今发展提供借鉴均有意义。

The Taiwan scene and changes in modern maps

Modern map serves a kind of tool, for providing us a deeper understanding of Taiwan's economy and society. Our discussion is based on analysis of the time and space information displayed by the following three maps: the measured map drawn by the French missionary Feng Bingzheng in 1714, and the ‘overall map of the full geography of Taiwan' in 1891, the ‘fort map with the scale of one to twenty thousand' in 1904. We also referred to historical references and original data and discussed Taiwan's economic and social change and its main characteristics, especially during the period after being included into the territory of Qing Government. We have the following main conclusions: (1) At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, Taiwan stayed in the early stage of economic and social development; (2) After the opening of ports and the beginning of trade in the late Qing Dynasty, the traditional Taiwan society headed for modern times. Gradually, it stepped into the stage of modernization; (3) During the Japanese-Occupied Period, the change of Taiwan's economy and society was closely related to the need of Japanese colonial governors. These conclusions are meaningful to understand Taiwan's economic and social changes. At the same time, they provide us experience for today's development.