洞庭湖生态经济区生态服务供需平衡研究

基于洞庭湖生态经济区土地覆被类型和土地利用现状,测算并研究区域内供给服务、调节服务、支持服务和文化服务及生态服务总量供给的价值当量;根据国家相关建设指标规定和人均资源消耗量,估算各项生态服务需求量价值当量;进而对区域内生态服务的供—需盈亏状态进行分析。结果表明：① 洞庭湖生态经济区各项生态服务及生态服务总量供需状况良好,供需比均大于1.2;② 不同生态服务供需状况存在差异,支持服务（1.46）>调节服务（1.44）>供给服务（1.39）>文化服务（1.28）;③ 供需比在空间上整体呈现“四周高中间低”的分布模式,北侧荆州供需比偏低;④ 城乡供需状况差异显著。本次研究囿于行政边界,基于自然边界的供需状况研究有待深入。

Study on the balance of ecological service supply and demand in Dongting Lake ecological economic zone

Based on the land cover types and land use status of Dongting Lake eco-economic zone, this paper revises the regional equivalence of ecosystem services value per unit area proposed by Gaodi Xie et al. And we calculated the equivalent value of ecological service function of supply function, regulation function, support function, cultural function and the total ecological services in the study area. According to the relevant provisions of national eco-county, eco-city and eco-province construction index and per capita resource consumption, the value equivalent of each ecological service demand is obtained by combining the land area and resident population of each district within the region. According to the assessment results of the equivalent value of the supply of ecosystem services, we can obtain the supply-demand profit-loss status of the regional ecosystem services. Research indicates that: (1) The overall supply and demand of various ecological functions and ecological services in the Dongting Lake eco-economic zone are in a good condition with the ratio of supply and demand being more than 1.2; (2) There are differences in the supply and demand of various ecological functions within the region, which is listed as supporting service (1.46) > regulating service (1.44) > supplying service (1.39) > cultural service (1.28); (3) The supply-demand ratio shows a distribution mode of areas with high values around it, but the supply and demand is relatively low in Jingzhou area on the north side of the region; (4) From the perspective of supply and demand of ecological services, the difference between urban and rural areas is significant. In this study, the supply-demand ratio analysis is limited to the boundaries of administrative divisions. The research on the natural boundary of spatial distribution based on supply and demand needs to be further strengthened.