西方创新地理研究的知识图谱可视化分析

近年来,创新问题日益受到西方人文地理学者的关注,并成为西方人文地理学研究的新方向。本文选择WOS（Web of Science）作为文献搜索引擎,选取在创新主题下刊发文章最多的500本期刊中的14本被社会科学引文索引SSCI收录的地理学期刊作为文献来源,以1982-2015年共2048篇英语创新主题文献记录作为数据源,基于显示知识发展进程与结构关系的可视化工具CiteSpace对数据进行关键词共现分析和文献共被引分析,绘制了西方创新地理研究的知识图谱,实现了本领域热点主题、知识基础和演进轨迹的可视化。研究发现：西方创新地理研究近30年来发文量和新兴关键词数量增长显著,研究者分布形成西欧、北美两大核心地区,近期研究指向热点关键词技术、溢出、集聚、研发、企业家精神;拥有较为明显的演进主体,研究内容宽广,主题尚不集中,全球城市、全球蜂鸣、空间化模式、产业、生命周期、剑桥地区（或剑桥现象）、知识、产业发展、区域创新战略是建立在32篇高被引文献之上的9个热点主题;经济地理学导向明显,尤其受新区域主义、转向潮流、演化经济地理学的发展影响显著,具有较为清晰的发展脉络。

Visualization analysis of mapping knowledge domain on Western geography of innovation

In recent years, the innovation study has received more and more attention from Western human geography scholars, and has become a new direction of Western human geography studies. Taking the Web of Science (WOS) as the literature search engine, this paper chooses 14 geography journals indexed by SSCI among the top 500 journals which published articles with the theme of innovation as literature sources. The data cover a total of 2048 English literature records associated with the innovation topic from 1982 to 2015. Based on the platform of CiteSpace which shows the relationship between evolution and structure for knowledge, we made keywords co-occurrence analysis and references co-citation analysis, and drew a map of knowledge that visualized research hotspots, intellectual base and evolution route of Western geography of innovation. We found that: firstly, there has been a significant increase in the number of the published articles and emerging keywords of Western geography of innovation, and Western Europe and North America are the two core regions of the distribution of researchers. Recent research points to hot keywords including "technology", "spillover", "cluster", "research and development", and "entrepreneurship". Secondly, the geography of innovation has an obvious evolution subject, but its research contents are broad, and the research topics have not yet focused on. "Global city", "global buzz", "spatialization pattern", "industries", "life-cycle", "Cambridge region", "knowledge", "industrial development", and "regional innovation strategies" are 9 hot topics based on the 32 most cited articles. Thirdly, the development of geography of innovation follows the orientation of economic geography, and is especially affected by the development of the new regionalism, turn trends and evolutionary economic geography, which has shown a clear evolution.