近25年横断山区国土空间格局与时空变化研究

横断山地提供多种生态系统服务,具有极高的生态价值,然而近年来面临人类活动强度增强所带来的国土空间可持续开发与管控挑战。利用横断山区1990年、2000年、2010年和2015年土地利用数据,分析不同海拔各种国土空间类型的数量、结构变化以及空间格局变化特征,揭示国土空间格局变化规律及影响因素。结果表明,横断山区国土空间海拔较高,垂直差异性明显,并且以生态空间为主体,生产、生活空间主要分布于东南部云南高原地区。25年间,三生空间变化加快且区域差异更突出,农业生产空间持续减少,工矿生产空间后十五年迅速增加,生活空间持续增加,生态空间波动增加。横断山区自然要素显著影响国土空间格局。西部大开发战略和退耕还林工程的实施明显带动横断山区国土空间格局变化。

Spatial pattern and spatio-temporal change of territory space in Hengduan Mountains region in recent 25 years

Hengduan Mountains have a high ecological value and offer resources for a variety of ecological services. However, the sustainable development and management of territory space has been challenged by increased human activities in recent years. In this paper, we used the land use data of Hengduan Mountains in1990, 2000, 2010 and 2015 to analyze the quantity and structural changes and spatial pattern changes on various types of territory space at different elevations, and reveal the characteristics and influencing factors of recent changes in various territory space patterns. The results show that, the territory space in the Hengduan Mountains has relatively high altitudes and significant vertical differences. Within the ecological-production-living space schema, the ecological space dominates the Hengduan Mountains, while the production and living space are mainly distributed in the southeastern Yunnan plateau. During the last 25 years, the ecological-production-living space changes in the Hengduan Mountains have been gradually accelerated and the regional differences have become more prominent. The agricultural production space has continuously decreased, while the industrial and mining production space has increased rapidly in the last 15 years. The living space has steadily increased, and the ecological space has increased with fluctuations. The territory space pattern in the study region is greatly restricted by the natural factors such as altitude and slope. The implementation of China Western Development strategy and Grain to Green Project have favorably promoted the changes of territory space pattern in this region. At present, the territory space in the Hengduan Mountains still faces the problems of destruction of ecological environment by high-altitude industrial and mining exploitation, soil erosion on sloping cultivated land and natural disaster. In the future, the national spatial optimization development in the Hengduan Mountains needs to strictly control the production space of industrial and mining industries, ensure the ecological space, carry out the protection of basic farmland, implement the reforestation of sloping cultivated land gradually, and strive to strengthen the construction of disaster prevention and mitigation system in living space.