石家庄城市与郊县站地面平均最低、最高气温差异

应用石家庄地区17个站1955—2006年逐日最低、最高气温资料,统计分析了16个郊县站与石家庄市区站最低、最高气温的差值。结果表明:各郊县站年平均最低、最高气温均比石家庄市站低,最低气温偏低0.17～2.07℃,16个站平均偏低1.02℃;最高气温偏低0.01～0.55℃,16个站平均偏低0.28℃。郊县站平均最低气温偏低程度在冬季更明显,1月平均达到1.69℃,夏季偏低程度比较弱,但最弱的7月也有0.49℃;最高气温的偏低程度也在冬季明显,但季节性差异没有最低气温大。不论最低气温,还是最高气温,各县(市)站与石家庄市区站之间的差异均存在明显的随时间增大现象,最低气温20世纪90年代初以来增大尤其明显。石家庄市区站地面最低、最高气温记录反映出明显的城市热岛效应影响。

Maximum and Minimum Temperature Differences between Rural and Urban Stations in Shijiazhuang Area

In order to increase the accuracy of daily temperature forecast,using the data of 1955 to 2006 from 17 stations in the Shijiazhuang area to analyze the differences of daily minimum and maximum temperature between 16 rural stations and an urban station.Results show that the maximum and minimum temperatures of the rural stations are significantly lower than that of the urban station,with the monthly mean minimum temperature being much lower.Also analyzed are the possible causes of the obvious difference observed.The results have practical value for the use of central station＇ s monitoring and forecasting information to improve the accuracy of air temperature forecasts for rural（urban） stations.