沙漠表层粒度与水热变化的环境效应分析──以古尔班通古特沙漠为例

重点探讨了古尔班通古特沙漠不同类型沙漠区（流动沙漠和固定沙漠区）表层沙粒度组成特征及其与热量传输和含水率的相互关系。实地测量和采样分析结果表明:不同类型沙漠区的粒度结构组成与沙层热量传输、水份迁移和沙面蒸散直接相关，并且对地表的感热和潜热以及沙漠对气候的反馈起到了重要作用。同时，沙漠表层粒度与水热传输变化过程，直接影响沙漠区植物成活率与生长，并对沙漠气候与环境变化产生重要影响。

Analysis on Sand Granularity and the Effects of Water and Heat Change on Environment -A Case Study in Gurbantonggut Desert

Gurbantonggut Desert is the second largest desert in China. It forms in an arid area far away from seas and oceans,and does not be affected by monsoon. Under the influence of the regional topography and western air current, a particular regional climatic environment forms. This paper mainly discusses the granular composition of surface sand in the different types of sand deserts (moving sand desert and fixed sand desert) in Gurbantonggut Desert,and the interrelation between sand granularity and heat transmission in sand layer and sand moisture content. The results of field observation and sample analysis show that heat transmission and moisture movement in sand layer as well as evaporation from sand surface of the different types of the desert are directly related to sand granular composition. Moreover,sand granular composition plays an important role in sensible heat and latent heat of sand surface and feedback of the desert to climate. Meanwhile, sand granularity and change process of water and heat transmission directly influence the survival rate and growth of plants in the desert,and have an important effect on desert climate and environment.