古植代陆地维管植物的多样性演化和绝灭

本文描述了石炭—二叠纪陆地维管植物在物种、生态和遗传方面的多样性。并根据古生代末这些植物在时空上的演化过程和数量统计数字,确认二叠—三叠纪集群绝灭事件同样在植物中存在。进而还探讨了植物集群绝灭事件发生的原因,笔者认为其直接外部原因,可能是局部地质事件(如:构造活动、火山爆发)引起热带雨林大面积消失,使气候变干旱所致。又根据当今对化石植物生殖生物学的研究结果,认为当时大部分植物(即古植代植物)的生殖方式较单一,胚在发育时无休眠期,成熟的胚缺少良好的保护结构,不适合在干旱环境下传种繁殖是这次植物集群绝灭事件发生的主要内部原因。

ON THE DIVERSE EVOLUTION AND EXTINCTION OF PALAEOPHYTIC LAND VASCULAR PLANTS

This paper deals with the diversity of Permo-Carboniferous land vascular plants in species, genetics and ecology, and based on the alternation of Palaeophytic and Mesophytic plants in time and space and based on the statistics of the taxa, it is demonstated that there was a Permo-Triassic mass extinction of land vascular plants.The causes of the mass extinction are discussed. It is suggested that the direct external cause was various local geological events (e. g. tectonic activity and volcanic eruption) that led to disappearance of extensive tropical rain forests and occurrence of drought. On the other hand, the internal cause was that the reproductive modes of most plants (including Palaeophytic gymnosperms) at that time were unadaptive to the droughty environment.