遥感在东太湖水环境研究中的应用

本文主要介绍应用多层次、多时相遥感图像研究东太湖水环境的演变的成果。作者将多时相 遥感图像与实时水位资料结合进行了湖盆的三维分析,并对径流流态、水质、水生植物以及围湖。 港、闸等人类工程进行了动态解译。认为东太湖水环境的恶化,是太湖地区洪水情势日益严重的 主要原因之一。 东太湖的退化还与水生植物迅速繁殖有关,并存在着富营养化的危险。若不及时治理,预计 公元2000-2010年间,因东茭咀滩地的扩展,东太湖将与太湖主体隔离,并趋于湮废,目前太湖 的主要排洪工程──太浦河将失效。根据此情势,本文提出了工程措施和生态工程治理相结合的 综合治理设想。

The Application of Remote Sensing to the Study of Water Environment of East Taihu Lake

The multidate and multistage satellite images and airphotos are used in the study of the deterioration of water environment in East Taihu Lake. By combining multidate images of RS with the data of water level on-the-spot, the three-dimensional analysis of lake basin is suggested, and the interpretations of developments in flow behavior, water quality, aquatic plants,and in the engineering of reclamations, dikes, canals, and floodgates have been made. It is believed that the deterioration is one of the main factors of , the grim situation of flood which is increasingly serious in that area. In 31 years (1954-1985), because of reclamation and silting, the area of the lake had been reduced to 66%, the total volume reduced to about 30%, and the flood storage had been reduced to about 60%, in addition to the drainage capacity reduced to about 60-70% in the high-water season, that’s caused by diked marshes, silt dunes, and reeds. The deterioration of East Taihu Lake also related to the rapid breeding of aquatic plants, and the eutrophication may arise. It is estimated that East Taihu Lake will be separated from the main body of Taihu Lake by 2000-2010, owing to the growth of Dongjiaozui silt dune, and as a result, the Taipu canal which is the main drainage project of Taihu Lake will lose its efficiency. A tentative idea of synthetical scheme including both engineering and ecological project is proposed.