中国农业(种植业)的历史发展和地理分布

本文从种植起源与早期发展、化统农业的发展及现代农业区域开发等几方面论述了我国农业文化发展历史及其地域分布。

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF AGRICULTURE (FARMING) IN CHINA

1. China is an ancient civilized country based on agriculture. She is also one of the original sites for farming in the world, with a developmental history of more than 7,000-8,000 years.The recently excavated Dadiwan (Gansu Province, 7,330-7,800 B. P.) and Hemudu (Zhejiang Province, 6960±130B. P.) sites might represent respectively the earliest dry farming in North China and the paddy rice farming in South China.2. Chinese traditional "peasant-gardener system" was originated in the Warring States (493-221B. C.) and sophisticated in early Han Dynasty (206B.-C.-9A.D.).It is one of the oldest and the ever continuous farming systems in the world; and before modern time, the most productive as well. We should keep its good points but give up all bad sides.3. "Modernization" and "open up" are both much needed in Chinese agriculture. We should learn eagerly but selectively from foreign countries. It seems American "oil agriculture" syetem is not fit for China.4. Modern agricultural system should be put in the context of the allim-portant Population-Resources-Environment-Development (PRED) system, especially in the urgent Land-Food-Population system.5.Seven agricultural regions are identified. Each regional development should be based on its specific physical, economic and historical features.