中国农村工业发展：一个综合区位分析框架

本整合现代经济地理学、新制度主义和演化经济学、规范性区位分析三种理论,提出了一个包括制度、技术、市场、区位资源禀赋等区位因子并将交易成本和生产成本相结合的综合区位分析框架。运用框架,对中国农村工业的发生与发展、宏观分布与微观布局等和出了一个系统解释。

The development of rural industry in China: an integrative framework of locational analysis

The emergence and recent rapid growth of rural industry in China is a striking and in many ways unique phenomenon. How to explain it with the approach of locational analysis is a very important and interesting topic to economic geographers. However, for more than a century, the phenomenon of spatial agglomeration of economic activities has been occupying the central position in the study of economic and industrial geography, so it is very difficult to provide powerful explanations to China's highly dispersing rural industrialization with normative or modern locational analysis. Based on the hypothesis of "economic man", this paper integrates a new set of theoretical tools involving new economic and industrial geography, new institutionalist and evolutionary economics and normative locational analysis, and advances an integrative framework of locational analysis which synthesizes four location factors: institutions, technology, market and resource endowment. In this framework, each location factor affects the industrial location behaviors through affecting the transaction costs or the production costs. In particular, the paper argues that the institutional factors and the mechanism of transaction costs are critical for understanding the high speed and scattering distribution and great regional imbalance of China's rural industrial development.