9711号台风及伴生暴雨的卫星云图特征

711号台风是近年来影响我国的一个强度和范围最大的台风。台风登陆时,正值天文大潮期,因而引起风暴潮,使得浙江、上海、江苏等沿海海堤坝损坏严重。台风登陆后,台风中心途经5个省,致使七省一市出现暴雨,山东及辽宁两省出现区域性大暴雨天气。直接经济损失达250亿元。本文按卫星云图上显示的9711号台风云系演变特征,将9711号台风活动过程分为四个阶段,即发展加强阶段、登陆阶段、台风外围云系与北方冷锋云系合并阶段及台风云系向温带气旋云系演变阶段。最后讨论了台风暴雨的时空分布与不同阶段台风云系的关系。

STRUCTURES AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TYPHOON WINNIE ON SATELLITE IMAGE IN 1997

No.9711 typhoon (WINNIE) is the strongest and the widest influence in recent years in China. The storm surge, caused by the coincidence of the typhoon’s landing with the occurrence of an astronomical surge, resulted in serious damage along the coastal regions of Zhejiang and Jiangsu provinces as well as Shanghai city. After the typhoon’s landing, the centre of the typhoon passed through 5 provinces, while the torrential rain associated with the typhoon system fell in 7 provinces and a city, which made direct ecnomical loss about 25 trillion Yuans. This paper, based on the structures and characteristics of the cloud system on satellite image, classifies the evolusion of this typhoon into 4 stages—the developing stage, the landing stage, the merging stage of typhoon clouds with cold front clouds to the north and the changing stage of typhoon clouds to extra-tropical cyclone clouds. The relationship between the typhoon clouds in different stages and the distribution of torrential rain in space and in time is also discussed.