黄海秋季大型底栖甲壳类多样性及群落结构的初步研究

基于2014年秋季（11月）在黄海海域所获取的大型底栖动物及环境数据，研究了黄海海域大型底栖甲壳类动物的种类组成、丰度、生物量、多样性以及群落结构特征等。调查海域共发现71种大型底栖甲壳类动物，隶属于32科45属，其平均丰度和生物量分别为278inds./m2和2.33g/m2。IRI值最高的物种为太平洋方甲涟虫Eudorella pacifica。在23%的相似度水平上，可以将大型底栖甲壳类划分为六个群落。Pearson相关性结果显示，太平洋方甲涟虫Eudorella pacifica丰度与水深呈极显著正相关，与底盐呈显著正相关，与底温呈显著负相关。大型底栖甲壳类动物的物种数占比在黄海大型底栖动物类群组成中变化不大，都在30%左右。BOPA指数表明，调查海域底栖生态环境整体良好，仅黄海中部和南部部分站位可能存在中度扰动；BOPA指数能较好地评价研究海域的环境质量状况。

Primary study on the diversity and community structure of macrobenthic crustaceans in the Yellow Sea during autumn

According to the data of macrobenthos in the Yellow sea in November, 2014. The species composition, abundance, biomass, diversity and community structure of the macrobenthic crustaceans were studied. A total of 71 species of macrobenthic crustaceans were identified, belonging to 32 families and 45 genera, with an average abundance of 278 inds./m2 and biomass of 2.33 g/m2. The Eudorella pacifica had the highest IRI valve. The cluster analysis showed that the macrobenthic crustaceans in the surveyed area were divided into six communities at the similarity level of 23%. The result of Pearson analysis showed that the abundance of Eudorella pacifica had highly positive correlation with water depth and bottom salt, and negative correlation with bottom temperature. In studies over the years, the proportion of macrobenthic crustacean species in macrobenthos did not change much, accounting for about 30% of the total number of species of macrobenthos. Based on the results of BOPA index, the benthic ecological environment in the surveyed area was undisturbed, and only the central and southern parts of the Yellow Sea were disturbed moderately, the environmental quality of the surveyed area could be evaluated well by BOPA index.