沙质荒漠化遥感监测与环境影响研究进展

荒漠化、全球变暖和生物多样性的减少是人类面临的最主要的环境问题，其中沙质荒漠化又是困扰当前人类社会最严重的环境—社会经济问题。由此，就沙质荒漠化的遥感监测及环境影响研究方面进行了评述与展望。自1977年联合国荒漠化大会以来，通过20多年的努力与研究实践，沙质荒漠化遥感监测已建立了一套以遥感目视解译为主的经验性指标体系，但目前尚未形成一个完全适应于遥感监测的指标体系；沙质荒漠化遥感监测方法从定性走向定量，从主观走向客观。但仍缺乏有效的沙质荒漠化遥感监测方法与技术路线；沙质荒漠化对全球变化的响应的研究相对薄弱，如何准确预测未来气候变化对沙质荒漠化过程的影响是值得深入开展的一项研究工作；沙质荒漠化对气候变化的影响研究多以数值摸拟为主，其中沙质荒漠化对区域气候产生根本性影响的作用机制的研究有待进一步深化；沙质荒漠化对碳循环的影响研究近年来得到重视，但沙质荒漠化对陆地生态系统碳循环的影响研究仍比较薄弱，沙质荒漠化土地土壤碳流失及固碳潜力是有待进一步研究的重要问题。

Advances in Sandy Desertification Detecting and Its Environmental Impacts

Desertification, global warming, and biodiversity decreasing are the severe environmental issues confronted in human. Among them desertification is the most serious environmental and social economic problem. Since the United Nations' Conference on Desertification (UNCOD) in 1977, the scientific communities and many governments are focused on the sandy desertification and its impacts on environment from regional to global scale. The researches on basic theory, detecting and assessing method, controlling and halting pattern have achieved great advances. This paper reviews the progress in sandy desertification researches on sandy desertification indicators, monitoring methods, and environmental impacts. Now the sandy desertification indicators for visual interpretation have been established, but there have not been ones that are entirely suitable for sandy desertification detecting by remote sensing. Therefore, the efficient method is lacking in sandy desertification detection using remotely sensed data. Although there are some advances in impacts of sandy desertification on environment, we need a deep understanding of the feedback mechanism between climate change and sandy desertification. The soil carbon emission caused by sandy desertification is an important issue to be further study.