台湾近海水文观测体系的构建及其数据分析方法

台湾岛地处亚欧大陆和太平洋交界处，台风、东北季风等所引起的海洋灾害频繁，所以建立完备的海洋水文观测体系显得尤为重要。中国台湾自主建置完成的近海水文观测体系由资料浮标站、观测桩、潮位站、岸边气象站、雷达测波站等多种近海水文观测系统构建组成；同时，为确保观测体系的准确性和规范性，还建立了数据品质管理系统和标准化作业模式。在近海水文观测数据的分析方面，尝试应用新的数学分析方法，如通过EMD（empirical mode decomposition）方法探讨风暴潮水位变化，利用小波转换从雷达观测影像中分析近岸波浪信息，以及发展数据同化技术将观测数据应用于作业化波浪现报、预报模式。此外，近海水文观测体系在社会应用方面有着很大的发展潜质。

Establishment and data analysis of sea-state monitoring system along Taiwan coast

Taiwan Island is at the joint of Eurasian Continent and Pacific Plate, under threatening of typhoons and northeasterly strong winds. Consequently, enormous human lives and properties are lost every year. It is necessary to develop a coastal sea-state monitoring system. This paper introduces the coastal sea-state monitoring system （CSMS） along Taiwan coast. The COMC （Coastal Ocean Monitoring Center in National Cheng Kung University） built the Taiwan coastal sea-state monitoring system, which is modern and self-sufficient, consisting of data buoy, pile station, tide station, coastal weather station, and radar monitoring station. To assure the data quality, Data Quality Check Procedure （DQCP） and Standard Operation Procedure （SOP） were developed by the COMC. In further data analysis and data implementation of the observation, this paper also introduces some new methods that make the data with much more promising uses. These methods include empirical mode decomposition （EMD） used for the analysis of storm surge water level, wavelet transform used for the analysis of wave characteristics from nearshore X-band radar images, and data assimilation technique applied in wave nowcast operation. The coastal sea-state monitoring system has a great potential in providing ocean information to serve the society.