Magnetic measurements and pollutants of sediments from Cauvery and Palaru River,India |
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Authors: | Marcos A E Chaparro Ana M Sinito V Ramasamy Claudia Marinelli Mauro A E Chaparro S Mullainathan S Murugesan |
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Institution: | (1) CONICET and Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (UNCPBA), Pinto 399, CP 7000 Tandil, Argentina;(2) Centro de Geociencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Blvd. Juriquilla No. 3001, CP 76230 Juriquilla, Querétaro, México;(3) Department of Physics, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India |
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Abstract: | Rock-magnetic techniques have become a useful tool in environmental issues; in particular, magnetic studies constitute an
alternative way to study pollution in different media. The present contribution focuses on magnetic parameters as pollution
indicators, especially from their relationship with contents of heavy metals. The work was carried out in two Indian rivers
located in Tamil Nadu, southern India. Several sediment samples were collected and studied in the laboratory using magnetic
techniques, magnetic susceptibility, anhysteric remanent magnetization, isothermal remanent magnetization, and chemical techniques
to determine contents of heavy metals. Magnetic mineralogy indicates the predominance of ferrimagnetic minerals; although
magnetite-like minerals are the main magnetic carriers, antiferromagnetic minerals can be present as subordinate carriers.
Concentration-dependent magnetic parameters revealed noticeable differences between both rivers, e.g. magnetic susceptibility
is four times higher in Cauvery than in Palaru River. Moreover, such increase can be interpreted as “magnetic enhancement”
and therefore related to the pollution status. This magnetic enhancement indicated a different pollutant contribution in both
rivers, and also, a different spatial distribution along these rivers, where critical (or more polluted) sites were identified.
On the other hand, univariate and multivariate statistical analyses—e.g. PCoordA, Multifactorial Analysis of distance, PCA
and RDA—were examined, revealing a link between magnetic and chemical variables. Among magnetic parameters, the concentration-dependent
magnetic parameters (e.g. magnetic susceptibility) seem to be the most relevant for this study. |
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Keywords: | Environmental magnetism Magnetic enhancement Multivariate statistical techniques River sediments Pollution |
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