中国戈壁综合自然区划研究

中国戈壁广泛分布于北方的干旱与极干旱区域,直至目前尚未系统地开展戈壁分区研究。本文在综合分析戈壁特征与形成发生机制关系后认为,我国戈壁的最主要特征是地表砾质覆盖;表层具孔状漆漠结皮,其下具棕红色紧实层及石膏层;植物覆盖度极低,生长旱生极旱生灌木—半灌木。戈壁形成发生的区域仅限于干燥度4以上的干旱、极干旱区域。根据戈壁特征及发生条件的区域分异,选取干温指标、区域地质地貌建造指标、地表物质成因形态指标,将中国戈壁分布区划分为温性干旱极干旱戈壁区、暖性干旱极干旱戈壁区和青藏高原北部亚寒干旱极干旱戈壁区3个一级区(区),其下按区域地质地貌建造特征划分出9个二级区(地区),再按戈壁地表物质成因与形态差异划分出19个三级区(亚地区)。还可根据土壤和植被的地域分异进一步划分出若干个四级区(小区)。

Integrated physical regionalization of stony deserts in China

Stony deserts are widely distributed in the arid and extremely arid regions in China. However, an integrated physical regionalization of these stony deserts has not been carried out. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between the characteristics and formation mechanism of stony deserts, the main features of stony deserts can be summarized as follows: land surface is covered with gravels; surface layer has porous thin desert crust, below which red brown compact and gypsum layers are found. Vegetation mainly includes arid and extremely arid shrubs and semi-shrubs with low coverage. Stony deserts only exist in arid and extremely arid regions with aridity index greater than 4. Based on the regional differentiation of characteristics and formation conditions of stony deserts, this study selected indicators reflecting aridity and temperature, regional geology and geomorphology, and formation conditions and types of surface materials to classify the stony deserts into three first-level regions (temperate arid and extremely arid region, warm temperate arid and extremely arid region, and arid and extremely arid region in northern Tibetan Plateau); nine second-level regions (according to regional geological and topographical features), and 19 third-level regions (based on regional formation conditions and types of surface materials). Further division can be made based on regional differentiation of soils and vegetation.