基于洪量的淮河中游中小洪水调度方式探讨

淮河河道坡度上游大、中游缓,上游洪水汇到中游后,流速变缓,洪水在中游聚集。洪量经常超过中游河道泄洪能力,致使淮河中游两岸蓄滞洪区应用频繁。淮河中游行蓄洪区应用主要是滞蓄、分泄超出河道行洪能力的洪量。通过对淮河中游重要节点历史1d、3d洪量与最高水位相关分析,提出了最大1d、3d洪量与最高水位相结合的调度思路。在实时调度中,如预测1d洪量较大时,根据相关关系调度时重点消减1d洪量;如预测3d洪量较大时,主要消减3d洪量。该方法利用2003、2007年淮河流域洪水进行了验证,从1d、3d洪量对洪水进行调度,有助于控制洪水量级,减轻洪水危害。

How to Dispatch Floods in Middle Reach of Huaihe River Based on Flood Volume

Because the slope in the middle reach of the Huaihe River is smaller than that in the upstream, the flow rate becomes slow and the flood is gathered in the middle reach. Therefore, the flood volume usually exceeds the discharge capacity in the middle reach, and the flood storage areas are frequently used. By analyzing the relationship between highest water level, 1-day and 3-day flood volume, this paper put forward the idea of scheduling floods according to the relationship. In real-time scheduling, when predicting 1-day flood volume is large, the volume should be cut down according to the correlation; and when predicting 3- day flood volume is large, the volume should be mainly cut down. This method was verified in floods occurred in the Huaihe River Basin in 2003 and 2007, and good results were achieved.