地质标准物质的回顾与展望

我国地质物料化学成分标准物质的研究始于七十年代的后期.地矿部西北地质研究所等首先研制了超基性岩和铬铁矿标准物质,继后由物化探研究所和岩矿测试研究所牵头,在区域化探全国扫面的推动下,先后研制了水系沉积物、土壤和岩石三个系列标准物质.稍后核工业部、冶金部和化工部也着手研制了相应专业的地质标准物质.八十年代是地质标准物质研制的全盛时期,在这个阶段之后地质标准物质基本上形成了比较完整的体系.根据1992年国家技术监督局公布的国家一级标准物质目录^[1],在样品数量上冶金类标准物质居第一位,地质类标准物质居第二位,约占四分之一;依发布的标准值项目数计^[2],地质类标准物质居于首位,占50%以上.我国地质标准物质与外国相比,在数量、品种类型和系列性方面均占世界领先地位,在定值的元素和定值精度方面亦为国际先进水平.

REVIEW AND PROSPECTS OF GEOLOGICAL STANDARD MATERIALS

The study of standed materials for chemical composition of geological substancesbegan in bate 1970' s. Geologists of the Northwest institute of Geology of MGMR first developed the standard materials for ultrabasic rocks aam cbromitej subsequently, Sponsored bydestitUte of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration and institUte of Rock and Mi-alAaalysis aam encouraged by the natiouwido regional geochendcal scabing, geologists developedin succession standard mtenals of three series (steam sediments, soils and rocks). Later,experts from Miaistry of Nuclear industry, Miaistry of Cbemical industry also developed corresponding geological standed matexisls. 1980's was a period of full bloom in the development of geological standed materials, and at the ear of this period, a comparatively completesystem of geological standaed materials was formed. According to the catalogue of the StateGrade--A standals Materials Promulgated by the Stats Bureau of Technological Supervision in 1992, metallurgical ho6 standed znaterisls occupy first place in quantity, followed by thegeological ac shadard materials which make up one fourth j according to the project number of Stended value3 promulgated, however, the geological type standard materials rank first, making up over 50%. The geological standaxd materials are in the led in tha worldla such asests as quantity, sorts and acs and seriality, aam hays also reached the international advanced level in value--determined elements and value--determination precigion.